Min-Shan Tsai Taiwan

• 急性高血鉀的精準藥物治療：胰島素劑量、葡萄糖支持、碳酸氫鈉與 β₂ 致效劑
  Precision Pharmacotherapy for Acute Hyperkalemia
  Kuang-Yao Yang Moderator

  Yu-Chang YEH Moderator Clinical Support Information with Generative AI: Content Generation and Evaluation Generative artificial intelligence is shifting from single-question answering toward structured clinical decision support at the bedside. This lecture presents a practical approach to generating and evaluating AI-derived clinical support information in critical care. On the generation side, we describe a multi-turn conversation and multi-task workflow in which structured patient data, a machine learning mortality prediction model, and SHAP-based explanations are passed sequentially to a large language model through five linked task prompts covering risk interpretation, syndrome identification, current status and diagnoses, recommended examinations, and management suggestions. Each turn inherits the context of the previous one, so the output accumulates into a coherent clinical narrative rather than a set of isolated answers. On the evaluation side, we introduce the IMPACT Framework, a six-domain, 21-item instrument developed through a multinational Delphi consensus involving 58 panelists from 12 countries. Its domains, Integration, Mastery, Precision, Applicability, Comprehensiveness, and Timeliness, allow both clinicians and automated judges to score generated content reproducibly. We share validation results, examples from an intensive care cohort, and lessons learned from iterative prompt refinement. Attendees will leave with a transferable method for building and auditing generative AI support tools in their own units.
• 從鉀離子移除到反彈預防：利尿劑、腸道鉀結合劑與出院橋接策略
  From Potassium Removal to Rebound Prevention and Discharge Bridging
  Chih-Hsiang Chang Speaker 重塑生命韌性：從 ICU 治療到回歸社會的康復之路急性腎損傷的照護目標不應止於 ICU 存活或成功脫離連續性腎臟替代治療（CRRT），而應延伸至腎功能恢復、身體功能重建與重返家庭及社會。高品質 CRRT 是此一照護路徑的起點，包括適切的治療時機與劑量、血流動力學穩定、液體管理、抗凝策略及治療中斷監測，以降低治療相關傷害並提升腎臟恢復機會。然而，出院後追蹤中斷、急性腎損傷病程辨識不足及跨專業資訊斷裂，仍使患者面臨慢性腎臟病、長期透析、再住院及功能衰退的風險。因此，台灣應建立從 ICU 延伸至社區的急性腎損傷整合照護政策：以標準化品質指標確保 CRRT 治療品質；透過電子警示、風險分層與跨院資料串接辨識高風險患者；並於出院後整合腎臟功能、藥物、營養、復健及病人報告結果的追蹤。最終政策成效不僅應評估死亡率與透析依賴，更應納入腎功能恢復、再住院、生活品質及重返社會，將急性期救命治療轉化為可衡量、可持續的生命韌性照護。

  Ji-Tseng Fang Moderator

  Yen-Ta Huang Moderator From Guidelines to Bayesian Trials: How Should We Interpret Polymyxin B Hemoadsorption in Sepsis?Polymyxin B hemoadsorption has occupied an unusually contested place in sepsis care, and the way authoritative bodies describe it has shifted over time. This talk traces that evolution—from the 2020 Taiwan AKI consensus through the 2021 and 2026 Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines—and uses the changing recommendations as a lens on the methodological debates that underlie them. From an evidence-based medicine standpoint, the controversy is less about the device than about how we generate and grade evidence. I will first examine the frequentist evidence base, including our network meta-analysis of blood purification therapies for severe infection and sepsis/septic shock published in Critical Care Medicine. I will outline what a network meta-analysis adds—coherent ranking across multiple modalities, indirect comparison, and explicit quantification of heterogeneity—while being candid about its limitations, including reliance on the transitivity assumption, sparse networks, and the fragility of mortality estimates pooled from heterogeneous trials. I will then turn to the recently reported TIGRIS trial, which used a Bayesian, enrichment-based phase 3 design with prespecified borrowing from the EUPHRATES treatable cohort. I will highlight the strengths of the Bayesian presentation—direct posterior probabilities of benefit, transparent incorporation of prior evidence, and efficiency in a rare, mechanistically defined phenotype—alongside the cautions it demands: sensitivity to prior choice, the open-label design, and the gap between a high posterior probability and a confirmed effect. Bringing these strands together, the talk offers a multifaceted, methodology-driven reading of polymyxin B hemoadsorption in sepsis, and a transferable framework for clinicians facing the increasingly common situation in which guidelines, frequentist syntheses, and Bayesian trials appear to diverge.從治療執行到品質治理：連結式重症腎臟照護與資料驅動決策
• 急性高血鉀對 CKM 治療的影響與未來展望：如何維持及重啟 Guideline-directed Therapy
  Impact of Acute Hyperkalemia on CKM Therapy: Restoring Guideline-directed Treatment and Future Perspectives
  VinCent Wu Speaker AKD Care Redefined: Diabetes, Hypertension, and Strategies for Long-Term Health Traditional acute kidney injury (AKI) classifications, centered around semi-anatomical lines, no longer suffice in capturing the complexity of AKI. Subphenotyping, enriched with AKI biomarkers, holds insights into distinct risk profiles and tailored treatment strategies, redefining AKI and contributing to improved clinical management (Critical Care). Incorporating kidney biomarkers into strategies for early AKI detection and the initiation of AKI care bundles has shown greater effectiveness than using care bundles without these novel biomarkers. Our investigations have made notable advancements in identifying water-soluble regulatory iron hepcidin as a promising early biomarker for predicting postoperative acute kidney injury. Beyond hepcidin, our research extended into the exploration of predictive biomarkers, such as HJV, NGAL, and cFGF-23, uncovering their potential in prognosticating the occurrence and severity of AKI (Cell Death Dis, Antioxidants & redox signaling). The amalgamation of these biomarkers with existing clinical AKI scores holds immense promise in revolutionizing critical care and ushering in a new era of personalized patient management. Moreover, our endeavors have transcended theoretical advancements, with successful patent acquisition for AKI biomarkers attesting to our commitment. We were the inaugural contributors to the discourse on the effects of indoxyl sulfate on the tubulogenesis capability of endothelial progenitor cells and cell aging in acute kidney injury(Angiogenesis). A comprehensive review of the long-term prognosis of acute kidney injury, encompassing impacts on the heart, brain, bone lesions, gastrointestinal, and tissue carcinogenesis, was presented. (JASN, KI, cJASN, JAHA, ICM, CC). Our team posited that transferring post-AKI patients to nephrologists for care could reduce overall mortality and cardiovascular events (Value in Health). Through integrated analysis, we demonstrated that standard dialysis would increase the number of patients avoiding dialysis (CC), stimulating fervent discussions among AKI physicians at international conferences. Notably, we were global trailblazers in proposing that acute kidney disease, regardless of AKI presence, leads to mortality and end-stage kidney disease(eClinicalMedicine ). Although the evidence for patients with acute kidney disease (AKD) is still lacking, several potential pharmacological agents may improve outcomes, including but not limited to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (JAMA NO). In conclusion, accurate prognosis prediction and effective treatment for AKD are critical yet unmet clinical needs. Future studies are urgently needed to improve patient care in this complex and rapidly evolving field.

  Cheng-Chung Fang Moderator

  Min-Shan Tsai Moderator